[Day 1] 1. Networks and its History

A network is a system of interconnected entities, such as computers or devices, that communicate with each other to share resources.

Need for Resource Sharing

• Networks enable sharing of valuable resources, ensuring efficient communication and collaboration.
• Commonly shared resources include:
  • Data: File sharing in organizations or cloud storage (e.g., Google Drive).
  • Audio: Voice communication using technologies like VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol).
  • Video: Platforms for video streaming or conferencing, such as Zoom or YouTube.

History of Networks

IBM’s PC (1981)

• IBM launched the Personal Computer (PC) in 1981.
• This was a significant innovation, as earlier systems relied on mainframes, where one microprocessor was shared by multiple users.
• With PCs, each user had their own dedicated microprocessor, revolutionizing computing.

PC-XT (1983)

• IBM introduced the PC-XT, an enhanced version of the PC with added features like a hard drive.
• This further popularized personal computing by improving storage and performance capabilities.

Impact of IBM’s Open Architecture

• IBM adopted an open architecture strategy, allowing other companies to create compatible parts for their systems.
• Key contributors:
  • Intel: Supplied microprocessors.
  • Seagate: Manufactured hard drives.
• This led to the rise of assembled PCs, which were:
  • Affordable: Lower cost compared to IBM’s original products.
  • Accessible: Increased adoption worldwide due to reduced prices.

Summary

The evolution of personal computing and networking owes much to IBM’s innovations and its open architecture model, which fostered the growth of compatible and affordable computing solutions. Networks today continue to build on these advancements to enable seamless resource sharing and connectivity.